[ubuntu] 外挂硬盘-白红宇

[ubuntu] 外挂硬盘

阅读量：4913 次

发布时间：2019-06-11

本文共 5052 字，大约阅读时间需要 16 分钟。

1. 查看磁盘信息

fdisk -l

这里我需要对sda进行分区，所以要进到sda中

2. 进到欲分区磁盘中

$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdaWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27.1).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.

3. 按照提示查看信息：

Command (m for help): mHelp:  DOS (MBR)   a   toggle a bootable flag   b   edit nested BSD disklabel   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag  Generic   d   delete a partition   F   list free unpartitioned space   l   list known partition types   n   add a new partition   p   print the partition table   t   change a partition type   v   verify the partition table   i   print information about a partition  Misc   m   print this menu   u   change display/entry units   x   extra functionality (experts only)  Script   I   load disk layout from sfdisk script file   O   dump disk layout to sfdisk script file  Save & Exit   w   write table to disk and exit   q   quit without saving changes  Create a new label   g   create a new empty GPT partition table   G   create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table   o   create a new empty DOS partition table   s   create a new empty Sun partition tableCommand (m for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 238.5 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisklabel type: dosDisk identifier: 0x3370b165Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type/dev/sda1  *     4096 209723391 209719296  100G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

4. 分区

可以看到，在我的sda中，4096到209723391部分已经分给了sda1，剩余空间可以进行分区，剩余空间的起止：209723392到500118191.

Command (m for help): nPartition type   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)   e   extended (container for logical partitions)Select (default p): ePartition number (2-4, default 2): First sector (2048-500118191, default 2048): 209723392Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (209723392-500118191, default 500118191): Created a new partition 2 of type 'Extended' and of size 138.5 GiB.

5. 分区完成，查看分区情况

Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 238.5 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisklabel type: dosDisk identifier: 0x3370b165Device     Boot     Start       End   Sectors   Size Id Type/dev/sda1  *         4096 209723391 209719296   100G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT/dev/sda2       209723392 500118191 290394800 138.5G  5 Extended

6. 保存退出

注意，以上部分是更新的分区表，并未真正进行物理的分区，需要键入 “w” 保存退出后才正式生效。

7. 修改格式为 ext4:

报错：

$ sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda2mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)Found a dos partition table in /dev/sda2Proceed anyway? (y,n) ymkfs.ext4: inode_size (128) * inodes_count (0) too big for a    filesystem with 0 blocks, specify higher inode_ratio (-i)    or lower inode count (-N).

原因：原类型为extend，需要改为Linux。

change type:

$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdaWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27.1).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sda: 238.5 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisklabel type: dosDisk identifier: 0x3370b165Device     Boot     Start       End   Sectors   Size Id Type/dev/sda1  *         4096 209723391 209719296   100G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT/dev/sda2       209723392 500118191 290394800 138.5G  5 ExtendedCommand (m for help): tPartition number (1,2, default 2): 2Partition type (type L to list all types): 83Changed type of partition 'Extended' to 'Linux'.Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered.Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.

之后可以格式化为 ext4

$ sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda2mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)Found a dos partition table in /dev/sda2Proceed anyway? (y,n) yDiscarding device blocks: done                            Creating filesystem with 36299350 4k blocks and 9076736 inodesFilesystem UUID: bc630198-ae61-45af-a0c2-75e8e97cb5bdSuperblock backups stored on blocks:     32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,     4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872Allocating group tables: done                            Writing inode tables: done                            Creating journal (32768 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

8. 检查新文件系统

$ sudo fsck -f /dev/sda2fsck from util-linux 2.27.1e2fsck 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizesPass 2: Checking directory structurePass 3: Checking directory connectivityPass 4: Checking reference countsPass 5: Checking group summary information/dev/sda2: 11/9076736 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 617661/36299350 blocks